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来源：大发注册2024-03-03 17:48

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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【活力中国】中新财评：升腾的烟火气，彰显中国经济活力******

　　中新网1月13日电 (中新财经记者宋宇晟)新年伊始，“烟火气”成了社交媒体上的热门词汇。人们感叹，人间烟火气，最抚凡人心。

　　商圈广场霓虹闪烁、春运途中熙熙攘攘、旅游景区游人如织……随着疫情防控措施不断优化调整，居民出行、线下消费等逐步增多。

图为颐和园冰场。　北京市公园管理中心供图

　　消费市场有序恢复。元旦假期，商务部重点监测零售企业的粮油食品、饮料、日用品销售额同比分别增长11.3%、10.2%、2.6%。跨省游、长途游需求明显增长，热门旅游目的地酒店住宿率和预订率持续提高。机构数据显示，元旦三天电影票房突破5.5亿元，全国影院营业率达到85%，创10个月以来新高。据商务大数据监测，“2023全国网上年货节”前5天网络零售额达2080亿元，比上届同期增长4.7%。

1月7日，上海虹桥站客流明显增加浦帆摄

　　出行人数显著提升。1月7日，为期40天的2023年春运大幕开启。官方预计，春运期间客流总量约为20.95亿人次，比去年同期增长99.5%，恢复到2019年同期的70.3%。春运首日，全国铁路、公路、水路、民航共发送旅客3473.6万人次，环比增长11.1%，比2022年同期增长38.9%。一些返乡热门线路的火车票再现“一票难求”，旅客出行半径达到三年来峰值。

　　随着中国有序恢复公民出境旅游，出境游持续升温。多家航司加密部署国际及地区航线，一些国家对中国游客发出“隔空”在线邀约，欢迎中国游客到访。

图为重庆洪崖洞民俗风貌区。　肖江川摄

　　消费潜力深度激活。临近春节，多地密集发放各类消费券，涉及餐饮、家电、文旅、百货、汽车等多领域：1月6日起，郑州市1500万元家电消费券正式发放；1月10日至2月28日期间，沈阳市发放1亿元新春消费券；天津市第二期“津乐购”消费券发放活动1月11日正式启动，总计发放1.15亿元；湖北省也将发放2023年“惠购湖北”消费券……

　　同时，为激发小微市场主体活力，突出惠民主题，多地通过线上平台发放小额通用消费券、外卖券。为推动春节文旅消费复苏，酒店、景区等文旅专属消费券也应运而生……